[Defense]

(Human)
You will learn the Defense skill through the "Rescuing the Young Troublemaker" early quest.

(Elf/Giant)
You will learn the Defense skill through the "Defense Training" early quest.

[Smash]

(Human)
The early quest "Overwhelming Smash" will teach you the Smash skill.

(Elf/Giant)
The early quest "Defense Training" will teach you the Smash skill.

[Counterattack]

(Human)
In the "Watching Deian's Sheep" early quest, you can learn the powerful Counterattack skill.

(Elf/Giant)
In the "Learning Counterattack" early quest, you can learn the powerful Counterattack skill.

[Windmill]

(Human)
You can ask Ranald about the keyword "skills", and he will give you the quest that will teach you the Windmill skill.
(Elf/Giant)
Proceed with the "The Crown Jewel of Melee Combat, the Windmill Skill" early quest to learn the Windmill skill.

[Icebolt]

(Human)
There are two ways to learn the Icebolt skill. You can ask Lassar at the Tir Chonaill School about the keyword "Listening a lecture" to take a class on the skill, or you can purchase the "Icebolt Spell: Origin and Training" book from her for 7980G and study it.

(Elf)
If you purchase the "Icebolt Spell: Origin and Training" book from Hagel at Filia Bank for 7980G and study it, you will be able to learn the Icebolt skill.

(Giant)
If you purchase the "Icebolt Spell: Origin and Training" book from Kirine in Physis for 7980G and study it, you will be able to learn the Icebolt skill.

[Crashdown Attack]

(All)
When you have reached Smash Rank C, you will be given the Crashdown Attack quest.